How the speaker presents high and low bass？

If you want them to work together harmoniously, it is not just a simple docking. The function of the crossover is to complete the combination of the frequency response between the speakers to achieve better results. The frequency divider processes the music signal output by the power amplifier through the filter element in it to allow the specific frequency signal of each unit to pass. To put it simply, the original signal is divided into several frequency bands, and the frequency divider selects the frequency band most suitable for the corresponding unit to play and assigns it to it, so as to realize the cooperative work of multiple speakers.

The need for the frequency divider is determined by the design of the speaker itself. The double frequency divider is divided into two sections, and the third frequency divider is divided into three sections. This is what we often call "two-way" and "three-way". Divided according to the working principle of the frequency divider, it has a variety of implementation methods, and it is divided into different types of designs, but we often see two categories of power frequency dividers and electronic frequency dividers, which is also often The concept of being able to hear.

The power divider is designed after the power amplifier and is mainly composed of capacitors and inductance components, so it is also called an inductance-capacitance divider. Because inductors and capacitors have filtering effects, low-pass and high-pass can be achieved through inductors and capacitors, and finally the purpose of dividing the frequency is achieved. This type of frequency divider is set inside the speaker, and through the LC filter network, the audio signal output by the power amplifier is divided into high, medium and low, and then sent to each sounding unit respectively.

The simplest power frequency division is capacitor frequency division, which is to realize frequency division by connecting a capacitor in series behind the tweeter. Slightly more complex can use capacitors and inductors in each path to achieve a more accurate frequency division effect. But in any case, the power crossover installation is still very simple, and both active and passive speakers can be applied. The power frequency division also has attenuation phenomenon in the frequency band after frequency division, and the slope of the attenuation curve is generally related to the number of filtering times.

However, the disadvantage of the power divider is also obvious. It consumes power by itself, and there will be audio valleys and crossover distortion. In addition, the parameters of the power divider have a direct relationship with the impedance of the speaker unit itself, because the impedance of the unit is a function of frequency, which deviates greatly from the nominal value, so the error is large, which is not conducive to tuning, and may require sufficient experience. And technology can make the power frequency division achieve good results.

Unlike the power crossover, the electronic crossover is located before the power amplifier. After the electronic frequency divider divides the weak audio signal, it uses its own independent power amplifier to amplify the signal of each frequency band and then sends it to the unit of the speaker to achieve the frequency division effect. For example, if a two-way (two-way) speaker uses electronic crossover, the two-channel signal will be divided into four channels, so the rear-end power amplifier needs four channels to complete the output.

Electronic frequency division has obvious advantages in technology. First of all, it does not have power loss like a power frequency divider. Its smaller current can be realized by a smaller power electronic active filter. Not obvious or even negligible. The interference between the speaker units of the electronic crossover will be smaller, the signal loss will be smaller, and the sound quality will be slightly better. Of course, it is more intuitive and convenient to tune.

With the frequency divider, the multi-unit speakers can play back the treble, midrange and bass clearly and accurately. Moreover, the quality of the frequency divider just represents the manufacturer's own technical strength. Only experienced and technically strong manufacturers can produce high-quality frequency dividers. There is no doubt that the behind-the-scenes hero of the speaker is none other than the crossover.